This lecture explores the dual effects of chemotherapy: its efficacy in targeting cancer cells and the resultant side effects on the gastrointestinal (GI) system. Chemotherapy disrupts cell division, preventing cancer cell growth, but also impacts normal, rapidly dividing GI cells, leading to nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and mucositis. In veterinary medicine, prioritizing patient quality of life is vital, making the understanding and management of these side effects critical. The lecture highlights the mechanisms by which chemotherapy drugs affect the cell cycle and emphasizes the significance of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and diarrhea. It also examines specific drugs known for their varying degrees of GI effects. Strategies for managing these side effects, including antiemetics, proton pump inhibitors, mucosal protectants, probiotics, prebiotics, and analgesics, are discussed, along with the potential need for hospitalization and supportive care in severe cases. In summary, this lecture provides essential insights into managing chemotherapy-induced GI side effects to optimize cancer treatment outcomes while preserving patient well-being.
